Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of mpox: A descriptive cases series in Colombia.

INTRODUCTION: Colombia is the fifth most affected country by the global monkeypox outbreak and the second in LAC after Brazil. We describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 521 patients with mpox in the country. METHODS: We conducted an observational analysis of laboratory-confirmed Mpox cases between June 29 and November 16, 2022. RESULTS: Most cases were young men living with HIV. The clinical evolution was primarily benign, with two deaths reported. We found some differences between women and men regarding their BMI, presence of lymphadenopathies, localization of lesions, and the antecedent of HIV infection. CONCLUSION: Although it seems that the epidemic curve for this outbreak of Mpox is decreasing not only in Colombia but globally, it could remain endemic. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain very close surveillance.

La educación bilingüe en la enseñanza médica superior, actualidad y necesidades / Bilingual education in higher medical education, current affairs and needs

La educación médica superior se enfrenta a un proceso de constantes transformaciones dada por los adelantos científico-técnicos que vienen sucediendo en el campo de la salud. Estos adelantos concluyen en un volumen gigantesco de información en forma de publicaciones científicas que reúnen información valiosa sobre nuevos avances, esquemas terapéuticos y otros elementos relacionados con la enfermedad. La academia y práctica de la medicina se orienta al uso de la medicina basada en evidencia, por lo que los docentes y estudiantes tendrán una preparación y formación con elevado rigor científico, según las exigencias del contexto médico actual. Sin embargo, uno de los mayores problemas a los que se enfrenta la docencia médica universitaria se relaciona directamente con el dominio del idioma inglés, ya que una parte importante de estos documentos se publica en ese idioma. La educación bilingüe, a pesar de estar incluida dentro del proceso docente educativo como uno de los requisitos a vencer por los estudiantes, continúa siendo un desafío para poder lograr una mayor actualización científica que resulte en una mejor preparación profesional. El objetivo de esta investigación es exponer la situación actual de la educación bilingüe en la educación médica superior y cuáles son las necesidades actuales en este sentido(AU)

Higher medical education faces a process of constant transformations given by the scientific-technical advances that have been taking place in the field of health. These advances conclude in a gigantic volume of information that is expressed in the form of scientific publications that gather valuable information on new advances, therapeutic schemes and other elements related to the disease. The academy and practice of medicine is oriented towards the use of Evidence-Based Medicine; Therefore, teachers and students will have preparation and training with a high level of scientific rigor, according to the demands of the current medical context. However, one of the biggest problems faced by university medical teaching is directly related to the command of the English language, since a significant part of these documents are published in English. Bilingual education, despite being included within the educational teaching process as one of the requirements to be met by students, is presented as a current need in order to achieve a greater scientific update that results in better professional preparation. The objective of this research is to expose the current situation of bilingual education in higher medical education and what are the current needs in this regard(AU)

Intervención educativa para la consolidación de habilidades y destrezas en el idioma inglés / Educational intervention for the consolidation of abilities and skills in the management of the English language

Introducción: La consolidación de destrezas y habilidades en el dominio del idioma inglés constituye una de las prioridades en el perfil de graduado de los estudiantes de la carrera de Nutrición. Objetivo: Consolidar las destrezas y habilidades de los estudiantes de la carrera de Nutrición en el dominio del idioma inglés. Métodos: Se desarrolló una investigación aplicada, con diseño cuasiexperimental, enfoque mixto y alcance descriptivo. El universo estuvo compuesto por 151 estudiantes de la carrera de Nutrición de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo entre septiembre 2021 y marzo 2022; de los cuales 110 formaron parte de la muestra del estudio y a quienes se le aplicó una intervención educativa. La intervención estuvo orientada, en un primer momento, a identificar las falencias relacionadas con el dominio del idioma inglés; a partir de los resultados se trazó la estrategia y después de terminada la intervención se realizó una evaluación. Se empleó la prueba de McNemar para identificar cambios significativos en el nivel de destrezas y habilidades de los estudiantes. Resultados: Al inicio de la investigación se registraron bajos niveles de destreza en todas las habilidades del idioma inglés. Después de terminar la intervención se elevó considerablemente el dominio del idioma inglés en los estudiantes. Se evidenció una mejoría significativa en cuanto a la comprensión, habla, interpretación y escritura. Conclusiones: La intervención educativa aplicada mejoró el nivel de destreza de los estudiantes de la carrera de Nutrición con respecto a las habilidades relacionadas con el dominio del idioma inglés(AU)

Introduction: The consolidation of skills and abilities in the management of the English language constitutes one of the priorities in the graduate profile of the students of the nutrition career of the Higher Polytechnic School of Chimborazo. Objective: To consolidate the skills and abilities of the students of the nutrition career, in the management of the English language. Methods: an applied research was developed, with a quasi-experimental design, a mixed approach and a descriptive scope. The universe was made up of 151 students of the nutrition career of the Polytechnic Higher School of Chimborazo; of which 110 were part of the study sample and to whom an educational intervention was applied. The intervention was oriented, at first, to identify the shortcomings related to the use of the English language; from the results was plotted. After the intervention ended, an evaluation was carried out and the McNemar test was used to identify significant changes in the level of skills and abilities of the students. Results: At the beginning of the investigation, low skill levels were recorded in all English language skills. After finishing the intervention, the command of the English language in the students increased considerably. A significant improvement was evidenced in terms of comprehension, speaking, interpretation and writing. Conclusions: The educational intervention applied improved the skill level of the students of the nutrition career around the skills related to the command of the English language(AU)

Cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities in people living with HIV: A cross-sectional multicenter study from Colombia comorbidities in a Colombian PLWHIV population.

INTRODUCTION: HIV is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). There is insufficient information regarding comorbidities and cardiovascular risk factors in the Colombian HIV population. The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities in patients from the HIV Colombian Group VIHCOL. METHODS: This is a multicenter, cross-sectional study conducted in the VIHCOL network in Colombia. Patients 18 years or older who had at least 6 months of follow-up were included. A stratified random sampling was performed to estimate the adjusted prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities. RESULTS: A total of 1616 patients were included. 83.2% were men, and the median age was 34 years. The adjusted prevalence for dyslipidemia, active tobacco use, hypothyroidism, and arterial hypertension was 51.2% (99% CI: 48.0%-54.4%), 7.6% (99% CI: 5.9%-9.3%), 7.4% (99% CI: 5.7%-9.1%), and 6.3% (99% CI: 4.8%-7.9%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this Colombian HIV cohort, there is a high prevalence of modifiable CVD risk factors such as dyslipidemia and active smoking. Non-pharmacological and pharmacological measures for the prevention and management of these risk factors should be reinforced.

Clinical practice guideline. Integral Care Guidelines for the prevention, early detection and treatment of pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium complications: Section on toxoplasmosis in pregnancy / Guia de atencion integral para la prevencion, deteccion temprana y tratamiento de las complicaciones del embarazo: Sección de Toxoplasmosis

Como parte de la Guia de atencion integral para la prevencion, deteccion temprana y tratamiento de las complicaciones del embarazo, desarrollada y financiada por el Departamento de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion, Colciencias, y el Ministerio de Salud y Proteccion Social de Colombia, se seleccionó a la infeccion por Toxoplasma para el desarrollo de recomendaciones para su prevencion, diagnostico y tratamiento. La infeccion por Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) durante el embarazo puede resultar en graves complicaciones para el feto y dejar importantes secuelas al recien nacido. Se realizo una guia basada en la mejor evidencia disponible en la literatura cientifica, con especial pertinencia a la informacion colombiana. Un consenso de expertos en parasitologia, ginecologia, neonatologia e infectologia, tanto de adultos como pediatrica, desarrollo las recomendaciones. Se propone que las recomendaciones de esta guia de atencion integral sean utilizadas por los profesionales de salud de los programas de atencion del embarazo del pais con el fin de disminuir la morbilidad y mortalidad atribuible a esta enfermedad. Se formulan recomendaciones especificas para el diagnostico desde el primer trimestre, consejos de prevencion en las mujeres no infectadas, identificacion de la infeccion del feto o del recien nacido y recomendaciones de tratamiento en estos escenarios.

Toxoplasma infection, an aspect included in the Integral Care Guidelines for prevention, early detection and treatment of complications during pregnancy developed and sponsored by the Department of Science, Technology and Innovation, Colciencias and the Ministry of Health and Social Protection; was selected to develop recommendations that may contribute to its prevention diagnostic and treatment. Guidelines were developed through systematic review of literature, two panels of evaluation, gradation of evidence: SIGN (Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network), discussion panel with users and patients, external evaluation and socioeconomical evaluation of the impact of recommendations. The Toxoplasma gondii infection that occurs during pregnancy may cause serious complications for the fetus and important sequelae for the newborn. A clinical guideline based on the best available scientific evidence, with emphasis on Colombian references, was performed. Experts in parasitology, neonatology and infectious diseases (adult and pediatric) developed the recommendations. It is suggested that the recommendations included in this guideline be followed by healthcare professionals in pregnancy care programs nationwide, with the purpose of lowering the morbidity and mortality related to this disease. Specific recommendations for diagnosis during the first trimester of the pregnancy, recommendations for prevention in noninfected women, identification of fetal or newborn infection and recommendations for treatment in those given cases are included.